Information Leakage Due to Fault Propagation in XOR gates

Mohammadsadeq Borjiyan

12/26/23, 9:01 AM

In the concept of Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG), two events are required to perform in sequence: Fault Activation and Fault Propagation.

In the case of a linear 2-input XOR gate, without loss of generality, we consider a stuck-at-0 fault at the input register a, while the input register b may take values independently. In order to activate the fault at a, one must set a = 1. The next step is to propagate the fault at the output. One may observe that setting the input b to either 0 or 1 will expose the fault at a to the output o.
In continuation of article, he says with assuming the fault to be stuck-at-0, just by observing whether the output is faulty Adversary can determine the value of a. More precisely, if the output is fault-free a = 0 and a = 1, otherwise.
In continuation of article, he says with assuming the fault to be stuck-at-0, just by observing whether the output is faulty Adversary can determine the value of a. More precisely, if the output is fault-free a = 0 and a = 1, otherwise.
I am confused at this point, when the type of fault is stuck-at-0 how the value of a is equal to 0 in the case of "fault-free"? Have I misunderstood the concept?

0 + 0

fault-attack

Elon Musk

I sit in a Tesla and translated this thread with Ai:

EN: Information Leakage Due to Fault Propagation in XOR gates

Post an answer

Most people don’t grasp that asking a lot of questions unlocks learning and improves interpersonal bonding. In Alison’s studies, for example, though people could accurately recall how many questions had been asked in their conversations, they didn’t intuit the link between questions and liking. Across four studies, in which participants were engaged in conversations themselves or read transcripts of others’ conversations, people tended not to realize that question asking would influence—or had influenced—the level of amity between the conversationalists.