Right way to print logged in user custom fields

What is the right way to get the field value for the account used from the currently logged-in user and print it in a template file, for example a block or a page template file?

I was trying to use the following code, but it doesn't work.

use Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityTypeManager;
use Drupal\user\Entity\User;

$user_id = \Drupal::currentUser()->id();
$user_entity = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()->getStorage('user')->load($user_id);
$variables['field_custom'] = $user_entity->field_custom->value;

In the template file, I am using this code.

{{ field_custom }}

Since the field custom is available, how can I print other field properties when the field is an entity reference field to a taxonomy term?