I have tried to run the Zoom web client in two applications built with Qt WebEngine, and in neither case could I hear any audio. One of the applications was one I built myself; the other is the Qutebrowser. This has nothing to do with my microphone or camera, but only with my computer playing the audio of other meeting participants.
In my experiments, the Zoom web client is clearly receiving audio from the one other participant, as the microphone icon in the "Participants" window is active when audio is incoming. Nonetheless, there is no sound. Other sounds, music, etc., are played normally by the browser (e.g., YouTube works fine, both audio and video).
My system uses PulseAudio, so I tried using pavucontrol to view the Zoom audio streams. When I join the Zoom meeting, the Zoom web client creates several output streams, active on my computer speakers with reasonable volume levels, which then disappear one by one from the pavucontrol display until they are all gone after a minute or so. No error or warning messages are issued that appear to be related to the audio output streams; they just silently disappear. Just in case, I tried running plain Alsa, with PulseAudio disabled, and still heard no sound.
Has anyone else seen this problem?