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`dpkg --configure --pending` vs `-a`

jp flag

What are the differences between dpkg --configure -a and dpkg --configure --pending? According to the manpage, both should configure all unpacked not-yet-configured packages and nowhere in the manpage a distinction between the two becomes apparent. However, they have shown different behaviour for me and from another answer on AskUbuntu, we can infer that I am not the only one observing differences.

In my case, the disk of a VM had run full in the process of an apt call and it told me to run dpkg --configure -a but this failed to produce any noticeable difference. In stark contrast, the first run of dpkg --configure --pending immediately solved the problem.

mangohost

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