Then on another Ubuntu computer on the same network I can see the
share folder, but it doesn't let me authenticate to access it. I've
tried both the username and password of the user on the second
computer and a username and password of the user on the host computer,
but neither worked
What is not clear from your post is if you added the server user to the samba password database. If my server user name - and the one I'm using from the client machine - is morbius I need to add myself:
sudo smbpasswd -a morbius
On Ubuntu 22.04, it's simple enough to right click a folder, choose
"Local Network Share" and select the required settings. .... .... When
I search for help I'm always directed to the /etc/samba/smb.conf file,
but nothing about this shared folder is written into that file - so
where is the share configuration for this folder actually written?
When you create a share from Nautilus you are creating a samba "usershare". You can list all your shares created this way with this command:
net usershare info --long
And the share definitions themselves are located at /var/lib/samba/usershares - one file per object shared.
As for having only read access to the share I would suggest running the "net usershare .." command and updating your original post with the output.