bash error !{P: event not found

Stephen

2/23/24, 8:11 PM

What is wrong with this command sequence:

stephen@stephen:~$ RETENTION=3
stephen@stephen:~$ echo $RETENTION
3
stephen@stephen:~$ SNAP=bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_7pdn8o@autozsys_
stephen@stephen:~$ sudo zfs list -t snapshot -o name | grep ^$SNAP | sed -n -e :a -e "1,${RETENTION}!{P;N;D;};N;ba" | xargs -n 1 echo zfs destroy -nprd
bash: !{P: event not found

The intent here is to delete all but the three most recent snapshots. What should be there instead of !{P to accomplish this?

119

1 + 0

bash

zfs

Score:3

Ubuntu

steeldriver

2/23/24, 8:19 PM

Double quotes allow bash to treat ! as a shell history event designator. If you want to prevent that, but still allow expansion of shell variable ${RETENTION}, you can switch from double quotes to single quotes after the variable:

"1,${RETENTION}"'!{P;N;D;};N;ba'

+ 1

Stephen

2/27/24, 6:40 AM

This worked. Thanks :)

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