Generally you do not need to do anything to Netplan when working with the VM. This will be controlled through the VirtualBox settings.
Your 00-installer-config.yaml
file can be returned to its default state:
# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
ethernets:
enp0s3:
dhcp4: true
enp0s8:
dhcp4: true
version: 2
In your VirtualBox setup, you'll want to ensure your network adapter is set to "Bridged" (which you've said it is) and that the "Promiscuous Mode" (under the advanced section) is set to "Allow All". Of course you'll want to confirm that the correct host network adapter is selected and that the "Cable Connected" checkbox is properly checked.
With this, the virtual machine will be assigned an IP address from the DHCP service on the network. If you are interested in configuring a static IP address, then you can do that with reserved addresses on the DHCP server or by editing your Netplan file to look something like this:
# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
ethernets:
enp0s3:
dhcp4: true
enp0s8:
dhcp4: false
addresses: [192.168.0.111/24]
gateway4: 192.168.0.1
nameservers:
addresses: [192.168.0.2, 192.168.0.3]
version: 2
Note: Be sure to change those IP addresses to the correct values for your network.
From there you can run sudo netplan apply
followed by ip a show
to confirm that everything is configured.