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Boot Failed: Receiving "Failed to start Remount Root and Kernel File Systems" error and no command line

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I'm fairly new to troubleshooting linux. I'm running Ubuntu 20.04.1 in a HyperV virtual machine on top of Windows. It's been working great for about 6 months. Had a power outage and now I get the following error when I try to boot:

7.605350] systemd[1]: Failed to start Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
[Failed] Failed to start Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.

I've tried booting to the Advanced options in the boot menu and all four choices (see linked photo) take me back to the menu. Since it's a virtual machine I don't think I can boot using a USB stick. I can get to the grub command line but I don't know what to do there. I've done some reading and it sounds like possibly something with a UUID but I don't know. When I "connect" using HyperV Manager it shows the Ubunti logo and the spinning logo for a while and then it just stops booting and sits there. I'm not sure how to even get to a command line or see what's "behind the splash screen."

One update - I AM able to get to a command line by adding '3' to the 'linux' command in Grub and ran

fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sda1

But now how do I make it boot to the command line all the time and not ONLY when I add the '3' to the Grub loader?

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