I have been using my Dell XPS 15 9520 and a Dell Dock since October, and inside Ubuntu 22.10 Since January. In the past 2 weeks it has started acting strange.
First, on a reboot with the dock attached, the dock is detected and authorized, my monitors are detected but they do not get a signal. Ubuntu is under the belief that they are connected as they can be viewed from display settings and the system acts like they are hooked up. I have further noticed that if I simply wait and leave the system alone for a while, (15 or more minutes?) the screens will start working. As a test today, I rebooted and went to lunch. Came back and upon waking up the screen they initialized just fine and I'm able to work. Sometimes in this condition, if I disconnect a monitor, and reconnect, it will come back with the displays, however this is not reliable. Sometimes it cannot detect the monitor and put's the resolution at 640X480, and othertimes it doesn't come back with anything.
I have also noticed that if I disconnect the dock and reconnect it, then the thunderbolt authorization get's an error. I have thrown all manner of boltctl forget and boltctl enroll at this, and usually it will NOT authorize and will not come back. Sometimes I'm able to enroll, and for a moment my monitors come on, then a second or two later they go black and boltctl reports the same authorization error.
The error that I get is basically a Kernel input/output error. I'm further able to replicate this situation using: echo 1 > /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/0-1/authorized
which will often come back and say the same thing, input/output error.
My laptop itself is running it's latest Bios, however I've tried downgrading to bios from earlier this year to see if that would correct the issue, and it has not. I've also booted to a live Ubuntu 22.10 and I get a similar behavior from the thunderbolt and boltctl.